Amortization is the method used to allocate loan repayments or the price of an intangible property over a defined period of time. It is generally a certain number of months or years, based on conditions set by banks or copyright agencies. Depreciation often relates to the payment of interest, which is set at the discretion of the creditor.

American Depositary Receipt (or ADR, for short). This is a way of allowing shares of foreign companies to be traded in the USA. In this case, the use of their local stock exchanges is not required.

For ADRs to be traded on U.S. exchanges, just like U.S. shares, a financial institution (usually a U.S. bank) buys in bulk a large number of shares of a particular company and then reissues them on the stock exchange.

Acquisitions of companies are made by other companies, usually for growth purposes.

This is done in two ways: aggressive or friendly.

The aggressive way is when one company buys out most of the shares of another company (controlling interest).
Whereas a friendly way is to sell by appointment.

Absolute return is the return that an asset gets over a specified period of time.

Arbitrage is the simultaneous buying and selling of an instrument to profit from an imbalance of the price.

Accretion is gradual growth of assets’ price and earnings to business expansion. 

Annual return is the return that an investment provides over a year. 

Accrue is the ability to accumulate over time. It is most commonly used when referring to interest, income, or expenses of an individual or business.

Accruals are revenues earned or expenses endured even when money in question has not yet changed hands. 

The accumulation area on a chart is mostly sideways stock price motion and is seen as a potential buying opportunity.