Illegal financial activity that is set to manipulate the markets and sums up to under-the-table payments that is masked as a purchase of securities from one company to another is referred to as pairing off. Short and long positions are bought and sold fictitiously and the transaction are settled in cash. Securities are never delivered so the trade never really occurs.

Man-in-the-middle fraud is a crime where a third party that was not a part of the initial plan gets access to the sensitive data which are being stolen. This can usually happen if the said data is being transferred through the unsecured internet connection that can be easily used by the third party.

Cage is a slang term which is used in broker companies to describe the offices of the employees who receive and distribute physical securities. The name comes from the fact that such people hold the said securities in a cage in their office in order to ensure their safety.

Deferment period is a period of time after a loan where the taker of the loan doesn’t have an obligation to pay up the percentage it can also refer to the time when the security cannot be called by the issuer.

QOQ or quarter to quarter is a technique that is used to measure the performance of the asset in the current quarter to the previous one or to the same quarter in a different year. The technique is useful for those who want to see a big picture in the growth of the companies and assets.

The average collected balance is the average balance of the funds collected in a certain span of time – usually in a month. It is calculated by adding all of the daily balances and dividing them by the numbers of the days in a month.

An interesting stock index that includes all of the companies which are connected to the Harry Potter book series. It was created in order to capture the success of the books, movies and everything else, connected to the wizard boy.

Oil refinery is an oil working plant that turn crude oil into petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel and heating oils. Refinery is a second stage of production, the first one being extraction of the oil crude from the field.

Back order is an order that came from the customer, but which the business or production facility cannot fulfil. It is an indicator that the demand is higher than the capacity of the business to supply.

Measuring principle is a kind of technical analysis that is used to measure the future performance of the stocks and see whether the changes and movements are going to occur in the performance of the stock in the nearest time. It can allow traders to set minimum price target by weighing the movements of the stock pattern against each other.

Gapping is the phenomenon that can occur in stock trading charts. It is a gap that can happen between the closing and opening price of the stock in case opening price is significantly higher or lower than the closing one with no trading in between them.

Dark cloud cover is a candlestick of bearish reversal. It is a patter where a black candlestick opens above a white one and closes below white’s midpoint.

Off board trading is a type of trading that involves trading stocks which are not traded at the major exchanges. It can also be said about the stocks which are traded at the major stock exchanges, but the deal is still done over the counter. This type of trading can involve only the stocks, appeared on the exchange in 1979.

Wage-price spiral is something that we can see in several economies across the globe. It is theory that is used to explain the relations between the high prices and high salaries. Increasing of the salaries leads to the higher purchasing power and higher demand and results in the high prices. High prices lead to demand for the higher salaries and so on… the pressure creates a spiral that is described by this term.

Magnet employer is an employer with a well-known name, good salaries, benefits and so on. Employers like that drive a lot of job-seekers towards themselves as a result of all of the perks that they offer, making them look better when compared to their opponents in the job market.

Icarus factor are the combined actions of the management of the company. Those are the ambitious and fast paced actions that usually lead to horrific financial losses. Excitement from the possible profits blinds the management and they can no longer see the hazards they are taking.

To haggle is a process that involves two parties of the transaction trying to negotiate the best price possible. The buying side is trying to lower the price as much as possible and the selling side is trying to leave the price as high as possible. the process of haggling can go on until the price is negotiated and accepted by both of the sides.

Xenocurrency is a term that is used to describe a currency that circulates on the markets outside of its domestic zone. But with xeno- having negative connotation in our minds the term foreign currency is used more often.

Yo-yo is a slang term that is often used in order to describe an extremely volatile market conditions. The name comes from the children’s toy yo-yo that is constantly going up and down, just like the securities in this type of market. A yo-yo market has no featured of the up or down market as the securities in it has high and low swings which make it the most difficult to hold onto the assets in it.

BerkShares is a type of currency which is only accepted in western Massachusetts. It was initially introduced in order to attract the people to support and buy local. Shares come in 1, 5,10, 20 and 50 bills and can be exchanged to the US dollar in one the 16 existing exchange points.